While the “Benalla Affair” has dominated French public discussion since July, the country’s police force’s mingling with private militias has not stopped there, as border police have supported ultra-right gangs in violent actions against refugees, according to information gathered from solidarity networks in the area. Although Emmanuel Macron was elected primarily due to a desire to defeat Marine Le Pen of the far-right National Front, under his rule the police have stepped up cooperation with extra-legal “thugs.” MediaPart, a French socialist website, noted that “because the police are happy to have reinforcement…..they know how to find allies.” These allies can be both ideological or purely practical. In the case of the Benalla Affair, the official police and private militias effectively merged. In a parliamentary session, the Interior Minister, Gérard Collomb, essentially admitted that there had been cooperation due to the alleged threat posed by the Black Bloc and ot...